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Pandeiro

Pandeiro

The pandeiro is a membranophonic instrument composed of a circular wooden hoop, provided with jingles. On the head of the hoop a membrane is stretched, preferentially made of goat skin. The pandeiro closely resembles a tambourine. It is played with the fingers, the hand, the elbows, and even by beating the skin on the feet or the knees. It is used generally to mark an unbroken line of sixteenth-notes in samba and choro ensembles; in certain circumstances the line is broken to execute accents or rhythmic figures. According to some insiders the pandeiro is one of the many African instruments that came to Brazil, but it is possible that it originated amongst the Hindus in ancient India. It was brought to Brazil by the Portugueses and took part in the first procession of Corpus Christi that took place in Bahia on 13 June 1549. After this procession black slaves used the pandeiro during their parties. Nowadays the pandeiro is used in choro, coco, capoeira, baião, pagode, and samba. It is common in the arsenal of contemporary percussionists.

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